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Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)

Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith # 2971

Hadith on Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah) of Sahih Bukhari 2971 is about The Book Of Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah) as written by Imam Abu Dawood. The original Hadith is written in Arabic and translated in English and Urdu. The chapter Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah) has 161 as total Hadith on this topic.

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حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ ثَوْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فِي قَوْلِهِ:‏‏‏‏ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ سورة الحشر آية 6، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ صَالَحَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَهْلَ فَدَكَ وَقُرًى قَدْ سَمَّاهَا لَا أَحْفَظُهَا وَهُوَ مُحَاصِرٌ قَوْمًا آخَرِينَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِ بِالصُّلْحِ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ سورة الحشر آية 6، ‏‏‏‏‏‏يَقُولُ:‏‏‏‏ بِغَيْرِ قِتَالٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ:‏‏‏‏ وَكَانَتْ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَالِصًا لَمْ يَفْتَحُوهَا عَنْوَةً افْتَتَحُوهَا عَلَى صُلْحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَسَمَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ لَمْ يُعْطِ الْأَنْصَارَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا رَجُلَيْنِ كَانَتْ بِهِمَا حَاجَةٌ.

ابن شہاب زہری سے روایت ہے کہ   اللہ نے جو فرمایا ہے: «فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل ولا ركاب» یعنی تم نے ان مالوں کے واسطے گھوڑے اور اونٹ نہیں دوڑائے یعنی بغیر جنگ کے حاصل ہوئے ( سورۃ الحشر: ۶ ) تو ان کا قصہ یہ ہے کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے اہل فدک اور کچھ دوسرے گاؤں والوں سے جن کے نام زہری نے تو لیے لیکن راوی کو یاد نہیں رہا صلح کی، اس وقت آپ ایک اور قوم کا محاصرہ کئے ہوئے تھے، اور ان لوگوں نے آپ کے پاس بطور صلح مال بھیجا تھا، اس مال کے تعلق سے اللہ نے فرمایا: «فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل ولا ركاب» یعنی بغیر لڑائی کے یہ مال ہاتھ آیا ( اور اللہ نے اپنے رسول کو دیا ) ۔ ابن شہاب زہری کہتے ہیں بنو نضیر کے مال بھی خالص رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے لیے تھے، لوگوں نے اسے زور و زبردستی سے ( یعنی لڑائی کر کے ) فتح نہیں کیا تھا۔ صلح کے ذریعہ فتح کیا تھا، تو آپ نے اسے مہاجرین میں تقسیم کر دیا، اس میں سے انصار کو کچھ نہ دیا، سوائے دو آدمیوں کے جو ضرورت مند تھے۔

Al-Zuhri, explaining the verse For this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry said: The Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم concluded the treaty of peace with the people of Fadak and townships which he named which I could not remember ; he blockaded some other people who sent a message to him for capitulation. He said: For this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry means without fighting. Al-Zuhri said: The Banu al-Nadir property was exclusively kept for the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ; they did not conquer it by fighting, but conquered it by capitulation. To Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم divided it among the Emigrants. He did not give anything to the Helpers except two men were needy.

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Hadith 2928

Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying: Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock. The amir (ruler) who is over the people is a shepherd and is responsible for hs flock ; a man is a shepherd in charge of the inhabitants of his household and he is responsible for his flock ; a woman is a shepherdess in charge of her husband's house and children and she is responsible for them; and a man's slave is a shepherd in charge of his master's property and he is responsible for it. So each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock.

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Hadith 2929

Narrated Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said to me: Abdul al-Rahman bin Samurah, do not ask for the position of commander, for if you are given it after asking you will be left to discharge it yourself, but if you are given it without asking you will be helped to discharge it.

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Hadith 2930

Narrated Abu Musa: I went along with two men to see the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. One of them recited tashahhud and said: We have come to you so that you may employ us for your work. The other also said the same thing. He (the Prophet) replied: The most faithless of you in our eyes is the one who asked for it (responsible post). Abu Musa then apologized to the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم and said: I did not know why they came to you. He did not employ them for anything until he died.

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Hadith 2931

Narrated Anas: The Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم appointed Ubn Umm Makthum as a governor of Madina (in his absence) twice.

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Hadith 2932

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said: When Allah has a good purpose for a ruler, He appoints for him a sincere minister who reminds him if he forgets and helps him if he remembers; but when Allah has a different purpose from that for him. He appoints for him an evil minister who does not remind him if he forgets and does not help him if he remembers.

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